【玩转腾讯云】购买Windows CVM时自动安装Chrome、Firefox浏览器

Windows技术交流 • 2023-01-02 • 云技术社区 • 274 阅读

Server2022之前的server系统默认是IE浏览器，微软已经不再支持IE了，所以新购的服务器安装一个好用的浏览器很关键。

我比较常用的是Chrome和Firefox浏览器，希望购买CVM后自动安装Chrome、Firefox。研究了下，实现起来不难。

购买机器有两种方式，图形界面购买和API接口购买，下面2种方式我都介绍下如何自动安装Chrome、Firefox，尾部有我录的视频。

一、网页控制台购买

https://buy.cloud.tencent.com/cvm

自定义参数

【Chrome】

<powershell>
$Path = "C:\\chrome_installer.exe";
(new-object System.Net.WebClient).DownloadFile("http://dl.google.com/chrome/install/375.126/chrome_installer.exe",$Path);
Start-Process -FilePath $Path -Args "/silent /install" -Verb RunAs -Wait;
Remove-Item $Path
</powershell>

或者

<powershell>
$Path = "C:\\chrome_installer.exe";
Invoke-WebRequest "http://dl.google.com/chrome/install/375.126/chrome_installer.exe" -OutFile $Path;
Start-Process -FilePath $Path -Args "-ms /MaintenanceService=false /DesktopShortcut=true";
Remove-Item $Path;
</powershell>

前后那对标签<powershell></powershell>就不说了，参考官网文档https://cloud.tencent.com/document/product/213/17526

4句代码

第1句：指定路径

第2句：下载

第3句：安装

第4句：删除

举一反三，我们也可以按照同样办法在新购Windows CVM时自动安装Firefox浏览器

【Firefox】

安装文件下载地址：https://www.mozilla.org/en-US/firefox/all/

Firefox有.msi和.exe两种安装包，对应两种安装方式

.msi方式

<powershell>
$Path = "C:\\Firefox-latest.msi";
(new-object System.Net.WebClient).DownloadFile("http://download-installer.cdn.mozilla.net/pub/firefox/releases/108.0.1/win64/zh-CN/Firefox%20Setup%20108.0.1.msi",$Path);
MsiExec.exe /i $Path  INSTALL_MAINTENANCE_SERVICE=false DESKTOP_SHORTCUT=true /qn
start-sleep -s 60
Remove-Item $Path
</powershell>

.exe方式

<powershell>
$Path = "C:\\Firefox-latest.exe";
(new-object System.Net.WebClient).DownloadFile("http://download-ssl.firefox.com.cn/releases-sha2/stub/official/zh-CN/Firefox-latest.exe",$Path);
Start-Process -FilePath $Path -Args "-ms /MaintenanceService=false /DesktopShortcut=true"
start-sleep -s 60
Remove-Item $Path
</powershell>

base64编码在线工具很多：

base64.us

http://www.jsons.cn/base64/

是否勾选base64编码是很关键的，不勾选则是填明文，勾选则填base64编码后的字符串

二、API接口购买

https://console.cloud.tencent.com/api/explorer?Product=cvm&Version=2017-03-12&Action=RunInstances

JSON入参仅供参考

{
        "InstanceChargeType": "POSTPAID_BY_HOUR",
        "Placement": {
            "Zone": "ap-beijing-6",
            "ProjectId": 0
        },
        "VirtualPrivateCloud": {
            "VpcId": "DEFAULT",
            "SubnetId": "DEFAULT",
            "Ipv6AddressCount": 0
        },
        "InstanceType": "S5.MEDIUM2",
        "ImageId": "img-m07ny34j",
        "SystemDisk": {
            "DiskSize": 50,
            "DiskType": "CLOUD_PREMIUM"
        },
        "InternetAccessible": {
            "InternetMaxBandwidthOut": 1,
            "PublicIpAssigned": true,
            "InternetChargeType": "TRAFFIC_POSTPAID_BY_HOUR"
        },
        "InstanceName": "abcdefgh-{R:111}",
        "LoginSettings": {
            "Password": "auNv4Pg5xpc="
        },
        "SecurityGroupIds": [ "sg-4z1vm5yx" ],
        "InstanceCount": 2,
        "EnhancedService": {
            "SecurityService": {
                "Enabled": true
            },
            "MonitorService": {
                "Enabled": true
            },
            "AutomationService": {
                "Enabled": true
            }
        },
        "HostName": "abcdefgh-{R:111}",
        "DryRun": false,
        "UserData": "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"
    }

自定义数据明文代码安装Chrome、Firefox并设置重启后自动登录，示例代码仅供参考

<powershell>
Set-ExecutionPolicy -Scope CurrentUser Unrestricted -force
if(-NOT ([Security.Principal.WindowsPrincipal][Security.Principal.WindowsIdentity]::GetCurrent()).IsInRole([Security.Principal.WindowsBuiltInRole] "Administrator")){
$arguments = "& '" + $myinvocation.mycommand.definition + "'"
Start-Process powershell -Verb runAs -ArgumentList $arguments
Break
}

$Path = "C:\\chrome_installer.exe";
(new-object System.Net.WebClient).DownloadFile("http://dl.google.com/chrome/install/375.126/chrome_installer.exe",$Path);
Start-Process -FilePath $Path -Args "/silent /install" -Verb RunAs -Wait;
Remove-Item $Path;

$Path = "C:\\Firefox-latest.exe";
(new-object System.Net.WebClient).DownloadFile("http://download-ssl.firefox.com.cn/releases-sha2/stub/official/zh-CN/Firefox-latest.exe",$Path);
Start-Process -FilePath $Path -Args "-ms /MaintenanceService=false /DesktopShortcut=true";
start-sleep -s 60;
Remove-Item $Path;

net user Administrator "auNv4Pg5xpc="
echo "REGEDIT4" > c:\\temp.reg
echo "[HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\\SOFTWARE\\Microsoft\\Windows NT\\CurrentVersion\\Winlogon]" >> c:\\temp.reg
echo "`"AutoAdminLogon`"=`"1`"">> c:\\temp.reg
echo "`"DefaultUserName`"=`"Administrator`""  >> c:\\temp.reg
echo "`"DefaultPassword`"=`"auNv4Pg5xpc=`"" >> c:\\temp.reg
cmd /c "reg import c:\\temp.reg"
del "c:\\temp.reg" 2>&1 > $null
restart-computer -force
</powershell>